Peripheral Arterial Disease (PAD) is a common circulatory condition that affects millions of people worldwide. It occurs when narrowed arteries reduce blood flow to the limbs, most commonly the legs. This blog post explores the symptoms, causes, and management strategies for PAD, with insights into how the Cardio Metabolic Institute can help.

What Is Peripheral Arterial Disease?

Peripheral Arterial Disease is caused by atherosclerosis, a condition where fatty deposits build up on the walls of arteries. Over time, these deposits restrict blood flow, leading to symptoms that can significantly impact a person’s quality of life. Left untreated, PAD can lead to severe complications such as critical limb ischemia or even amputation.

Common Symptoms of PAD

PAD often goes undiagnosed because its symptoms can be subtle or mistaken for other conditions. Common signs include:

Leg Pain While Walking: Known as claudication, this pain usually subsides with rest.
Coldness in the Lower Leg or Foot: Especially when compared to the other side.
Slow-Healing Wounds or Ulcers: On the legs or feet.
Discoloration of the Skin: Reddish or bluish tones may appear.
Weak Pulse in the Legs or Feet: Reduced blood flow can make pulses faint.

Risk Factors for PAD

Several factors increase the likelihood of developing PAD, including:

Age: Risk increases after age 50.
Smoking: A leading cause of atherosclerosis.
Diabetes: High blood sugar damages blood vessels.
High Blood Pressure and Cholesterol: Contribute to plaque buildup.
Obesity and Sedentary Lifestyle: Increase strain on the cardiovascular system.

Diagnosis of PAD

The diagnosis of PAD typically involves a combination of physical exams and specialized tests. At the Cardio Metabolic Institute, our team may use:

Ankle-Brachial Index (ABI): A simple test comparing blood pressure in the ankle and arm.
Ultrasound Imaging: To visualize blood flow in the arteries.
Angiography: A detailed imaging technique to pinpoint blockages.
Blood Tests: To check for cholesterol, blood sugar, and other markers.

Management and Treatment Options

Managing PAD focuses on improving symptoms and preventing further progression. Treatments include:

Lifestyle Modifications

Quit Smoking: Stopping tobacco use is critical.
Healthy Diet: Focus on whole grains, lean proteins, and healthy fats.
Exercise: Supervised walking programs can improve circulation and reduce symptoms.

Medications

Antiplatelet Drugs: To prevent blood clots.
Cholesterol-Lowering Medications: Such as statins.
Blood Pressure Management: Using prescribed antihypertensive medications.

Minimally Invasive Procedures

For advanced cases, interventional treatments may be necessary:

Angioplasty: Opens blocked arteries using a balloon catheter.
Stent Placement: Keeps the artery open.
Atherectomy: Removes plaque from arteries.

Surgery

Bypass Surgery: Creates a new path for blood flow around a blocked artery.

Why Choose Cardio Metabolic Institute?

At the Cardio Metabolic Institute, we provide comprehensive care for PAD, combining advanced diagnostics, personalized treatment plans, and ongoing support. Our multidisciplinary team works to address the root causes and improve your overall cardiovascular health. Dr Nirmal Kaur is one of the cardiologists who specializes in managing PAD. She recently completed an endovascular fellowship at Columbia Presbyterian in New York City.

We have convenient locations in:

Somerset: 51 Veronica Avenue, Somerset, NJ 08873
Perth Amboy: 613 Amboy Ave, Suite 104, Perth Amboy, NJ 08861
Edison: 1925 State Route 27, Edison, NJ 08817
Monroe Township: 283 Applegarth Road, Monroe Township, NJ 08831

Phone: (732) 846-7000
Fax: (732) 846-7001

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

1. What is the primary cause of PAD?

PAD is primarily caused by atherosclerosis, where fatty deposits accumulate in the arteries, reducing blood flow.

2. Can PAD be reversed?

While PAD cannot be entirely reversed, its progression can be slowed or managed through lifestyle changes, medications, and medical interventions.

3. Is PAD the same as Peripheral Vascular Disease (PVD)?

PAD is a type of PVD, specifically referring to arterial blockages. PVD includes both arterial and venous diseases.

4. What should I do if I suspect I have PAD?

Schedule an appointment with a vascular specialist at the Cardio Metabolic Institute. Early diagnosis is crucial to managing the condition effectively.

5. How can I prevent PAD?

Maintain a healthy lifestyle: quit smoking, eat a balanced diet, exercise regularly, and manage conditions like diabetes and hypertension.

Take charge of your vascular health today. Contact the Cardio Metabolic Institute to schedule a consultation and learn more about managing PAD effectively.